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+--- Thread: Herbo-mineral Formulations in the Unani System (/showthread.php?tid=3533)
Herbo-mineral Formulations in the Unani System - Paul Ferguson - 09-01-2026
Herbo-mineral Formulations in the Unani System of Medicine and Kushta Gaodantī
By: Nazeem Fahamiya, Mohamed Shiffa, Mohammad Zakir
Hippocratic Journal of Unani Medicine
"Kushta, the finest powder compound in Unani herbo-mineral formulations, is prepared from purified metals and minerals through calcination (Taklīs). This process, historically rooted in Arabic alchemy, is theorized to convert raw materials into biocompatible oxides and nanoparticles, thereby reducing toxicity and enhancing absorption, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy."
https://www.ovid.com/jnls/hjum/fulltext/10.4103/hjum.hjum_174_25~herbo-mineral-formulations-in-the-unani-system-of-medicine